world-building n.
the creation of coherent fictional realms, typically encompassing their geology, geography, ecology, etc., and the history and culture of their inhabitants; cf. earlier worldbuilder n.
OED has earlier evidence in broader senses. The 1920 cite below from Arthur Eddington refers to the hypothesizing of worlds with different physical laws from our own.
Wikipedia
SF Criticism
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[1920 Space, Time & Gravitation x. 160
It might seem that this kind of fantastic world-building can have little to do with practical problems.]
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[1953 The Trouble with Bubbles in Worlds of If Sept. 58/2
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Philip K. Dick
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We couldn’t leave Terra so we built our own worlds right here. Sub-atomic worlds, in controlled containers…. In fact, world-building is the ultimate art form. It takes the place of all entertainments, all the passive sports as well as music and painting.]
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1974 Books in Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction Aug. 57/1
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Sidney Coleman
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The deemphasis of detailed world-building separates Niven from the writers with whom he is usually grouped, ‘hard-science’ writers like Poul Anderson or Arthur Clarke.
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1980 Fantasy Tradition in American Literature viii. 166
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Brian Attebery
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In The Wind’s Twelve Quarters Le Guin included two short stories which took place in a world, as yet unnamed, of islands, dragons, and wizardry. Using some of the techniques of science fiction world building and others learned from Tolkien, she showed us a few scenes, conjured up a few sensations, that suggested an entire Other World.
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1992 Locus Aug. 22/1
Vance…has a ‘supreme skill in world-building, the creation of alien societies completely imagined’.
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1994 The Force of the Tide in Analog Science Fiction & Fact Jan. 185/1
John G. Cramer
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I realized that this physics idea often arises in SF discussions in connection with black holes or space construction or ‘world building’ for story backgrounds.
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1995 On the Receiving End in Interzone (#92) Feb. 32/2
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Christopher Evans
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Science fiction reviewers—and readers, too—tend to be finicky about ‘world building,’ fretting unduly, it always seems to me, over whether the fictional world could really exist given the writer’s scenario, worrying over the bits the writer hasn’t explicitly elucidated in the text.
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2018 Science Fiction Series Spotlight: ‘Revelation Space’ by Alastair Reynolds in Kirkus Reviews 14 Feb.
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John DeNardo
There have been many space opera series over the past few decades that have served readers well, providing hours of immersive escapism and stellar world building.
Research requirements
antedating 1974
Earliest cite
Sidney Coleman, in F&SF
Research History
Bee Ostrowsky submitted a 2018 cite from John DeNardo.Clive Shergold submitted a 1980 cite from Brian Attebury.
Clive Shergold submitted a 1974 cite from Sidney Coleman in F&SF.
A "1965" example from Richard Lupoff's "Edgar Rice Burroughs: Master of Adventure", cited in Brave New Words, is erroneous; the cite is found in the 2005 edition but is not in the 1965 edition.
We would be grateful for any antedatings that are clearly in the SF sense.
Last modified 2025-12-22 13:04:20
In the compilation of some
entries, HDSF has drawn extensively on corresponding entries
in OED.