world-building n.

the creation of coherent fictional realms, typically encompassing their geology, geography, ecology, etc., and the history and culture of their inhabitants; cf. earlier worldbuilder n.

OED has earlier evidence in broader senses. The 1920 cite below from Arthur Eddington refers to the hypothesizing of worlds with different physical laws from our own.

Wikipedia


SF Criticism

  • [1920 A. S. Eddington Space, Time & Gravitation x. 160

    It might seem that this kind of fantastic world-building can have little to do with practical problems.]

  • [1953 P. K. Dick The Trouble with Bubbles in Worlds of If Sept. 58/2 page image Philip K. Dick bibliography

    We couldn’t leave Terra so we built our own worlds right here. Sub-atomic worlds, in controlled containers…. In fact, world-building is the ultimate art form. It takes the place of all entertainments, all the passive sports as well as music and painting.]

  • 1974 S. Coleman Books in Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction Aug. 57/1 page image Sidney Coleman bibliography

    The deemphasis of detailed world-building separates Niven from the writers with whom he is usually grouped, ‘hard-science’ writers like Poul Anderson or Arthur Clarke.

  • 1980 B. Attebery Fantasy Tradition in American Literature viii. 166 page image Brian Attebery bibliography

    In The Wind’s Twelve Quarters Le Guin included two short stories which took place in a world, as yet unnamed, of islands, dragons, and wizardry. Using some of the techniques of science fiction world building and others learned from Tolkien, she showed us a few scenes, conjured up a few sensations, that suggested an entire Other World.

  • 1992 Locus Aug. 22/1

    Vance…has a ‘supreme skill in world-building, the creation of alien societies completely imagined’.

  • 1994 J. G. Cramer The Force of the Tide in Analog Science Fiction & Fact Jan. 185/1 John G. Cramer bibliography

    I realized that this physics idea often arises in SF discussions in connection with black holes or space construction or ‘world building’ for story backgrounds.

  • 1995 C. Evans On the Receiving End in Interzone (#92) Feb. 32/2 page image Christopher Evans bibliography

    Science fiction reviewers—and readers, too—tend to be finicky about ‘world building,’ fretting unduly, it always seems to me, over whether the fictional world could really exist given the writer’s scenario, worrying over the bits the writer hasn’t explicitly elucidated in the text.

  • 2018 J. DeNardo Science Fiction Series Spotlight: ‘Revelation Space’ by Alastair Reynolds in Kirkus Reviews 14 Feb. page image John DeNardo

    There have been many space opera series over the past few decades that have served readers well, providing hours of immersive escapism and stellar world building.


Research requirements

antedating 1974

Earliest cite

Sidney Coleman, in F&SF

Research History
Bee Ostrowsky submitted a 2018 cite from John DeNardo.
Clive Shergold submitted a 1980 cite from Brian Attebury.
Clive Shergold submitted a 1974 cite from Sidney Coleman in F&SF.
A "1965" example from Richard Lupoff's "Edgar Rice Burroughs: Master of Adventure", cited in Brave New Words, is erroneous; the cite is found in the 2005 edition but is not in the 1965 edition.
We would be grateful for any antedatings that are clearly in the SF sense.

Last modified 2025-12-22 13:04:20
In the compilation of some entries, HDSF has drawn extensively on corresponding entries in OED.